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VOL. 9, ISSUE 2 (2025)
Application of symbion spons bacteria as a bioindicator of heavy metal contamination in the waters of manado bay
Authors
Sri Intim P Parimba, Wilson AR Rombang, Meiske N Mamuaja
Abstract
A study was conducted on the use of symbiont
sponge bacteria as bioindicators of heavy metal contamination in the waters of
Manado Bay. The objective of this research was to determine the accumulation
levels of heavy metal pollution in Manado Bay waters by utilizing symbiont sponge
bacteria as bioindicators. The research method employed was descriptive, two
laboratories were involved: the biological laboratory for isolating symbiont
sponge bacteria and the chemistry laboratory for harvesting, destruction and
heavy metal analysis. Sponge samples were collected from three sites. Symbiont
bacteria were taken from the surface and inner parts (flesh) of the sponge and
cultured on nutrient agar for 2 x 24 hours. Heavy metal analysis was performed
using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) with standards for Pb (SNI
06-6989.8-2004), Zn (SNI 6989.7:2009) and Hg (SNI 6989.78:2011). The results
showed that Pb content at the three sampling points was very high, both on the
sponge surface ranging from 52.125 µg/g to 86.959 µg/g and inside the sponge
ranging from 63.316 µg/g to 87.622 µg/g. Zn levels were also high at all
sampling points with surface concentrations ranging from 8.053 µg/g to 8.464
µg/g and inner sponge concentrations ranging from 9.703 µg/g to 9.589 µg/g. In
contrast, Hg levels were comparatively lower than Pb and Zn with surface values
ranging from 0.042 µg/g to 0.254 µg/g and inner sponge concentrations between
0.036 µg/g and 0.050 µg/g. Based on these data, it can be concluded that
symbiont sponge bacteria can be used as effective bioindicators of heavy metal
content in the waters of Manado Bay.
Pages:20-23
How to cite this article:
Sri Intim P Parimba, Wilson AR Rombang, Meiske N Mamuaja "Application of symbion spons bacteria as a bioindicator of heavy metal contamination in the waters of manado bay". International Journal of Chemistry Studies, Vol 9, Issue 2, 2025, Pages 20-23
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